System Level Techniques for Verification and Synchronization after Local Design Refinements

Today’s advanced digital devices are enormously complex and incorporate many functions. In order to capture the system functionality and to be able to analyze the needs for a final implementation more efficiently, the entry point of the system development process is pushed to a higher level of abstraction. System level design methodologies describe the initial system model without considering lower level implementation details and the objective of the design development process is to introduce lower level details through design refinement. In practice this kind of refinement process may entail non-semanticpreserving changes in the system description, and introduce new behaviors in the system functionality. In spite of new behaviors, a model formed by the refinement may still satisfy the design constraints and to realize the expected system. Due to the size of the involved models and the huge abstraction gap, the direct verification of a detailed implementation model against the abstract system model is quite impossible. However, the verification task can be considerably simplified, if each refinement step and its local implications are verified separately. One main idea of the Formal System Design (ForSyDe) methodology is to break the design process into smaller refinement steps that can be individually understood, analyzed and verified. The topic of this thesis is the verification of refinement steps in ForSyDe and similar methodologies. It proposes verification attributes attached to each non-semantic-preserving transformation. The attributes include critical properties that have to be preserved by transformations. Verification properties are defined as temporal logic expressions and the actual verification is done with the SMV model checker. The mapping rules of ForSyDe models to the SMV language are provided. In addition to properties, the verification attributes include abstraction techniques to reduce the size of the models and to make verification tractable. For computation refinements, the author defines the polynomial abstraction technique, that addresses verification of DSP applications at a high abstraction level. Due to the size of models, predefined properties target only the local correctness of refined design blocks and the global influence has to be examined separately. In order to compensate the influence of temporal refinements, the thesis provides two novel synchronization techniques. The proposed verification and synchronization techniques have been applied to relevant applications in the computation area and to communication protocols.